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Skin Disorder

Skin Disorder

Many conditions affect the human integumentary system—the organ system covering the entire surface of the body and composed of skinhairnails, and related muscle and glands.[1] The major function of this system is as a barrier against the external environment.[2] The skin weighs an average of four kilograms, covers an area of two square meters, and is made of three distinct layers: the epidermisdermis, and subcutaneous tissue.[1] The two main types of human skin are: glabrous skin, the hairless skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin.[3] Within the latter type, the hairs occur in structures called pilosebaceous units, each with hair folliclesebaceous gland, and associated arrector pili muscle.[4] In the embryo, the epidermis, hair, and glands form from the ectoderm, which is chemically influenced by the underlying mesoderm that forms the dermis and subcutaneous tissues.[5][6][7]

The epidermis is the most superficial layer of skin, a squamous epithelium with several strata: the stratum corneumstratum lucidumstratum granulosumstratum spinosum, and stratum basale.[8] Nourishment is provided to these layers by diffusion from the dermis, since the epidermis is without direct blood supply. The epidermis contains four cell types: keratinocytesmelanocytesLangerhans cells, and Merkel cells. Of these, keratinocytes are the major component, constituting roughly 95 percent of the epidermis.[3] This stratified squamous epithelium is maintained by cell division within the stratum basale, in which differentiating cells slowly displace outwards through the stratum spinosum to the stratum corneum, where cells are continually shed from the surface.[3] In normal skin, the rate of production equals the rate of loss; about two weeks are needed for a cell to migrate from the basal cell layer to the top of the granular cell layer, and an additional two weeks to cross the stratum corneum.[9]

The dermis is the layer of skin between the epidermis and subcutaneous tissue, and comprises two sections, the papillary dermis and the reticular dermis.[10] The superficial papillary dermis interdigitates with the overlying rete ridges of the epidermis, between which the two layers interact through the basement membrane zone.[10] Structural components of the dermis are collagenelastic fibers, and ground substance.[10] Within these components are the pilosebaceous units, arrector pili muscles, and the eccrine and apocrine glands.[8] The dermis contains two vascular networks that run parallel to the skin surface—one superficial and one deep plexus—which are connected by vertical communicating vessels.[8][11] The function of blood vessels within the dermis is fourfold: to supply nutrition, to regulate temperature, to modulate inflammation, and to participate in wound healing.[12][13]

The subcutaneous tissue is a layer of fat between the dermis and underlying fascia.[14] This tissue may be further divided into two components, the actual fatty layer, or panniculus adiposus, and a deeper vestigial layer of muscle, the panniculus carnosus.[3] The main cellular component of this tissue is the adipocyte, or fat cell.[14] The structure of this tissue is composed of septal (i.e. linear strands) and lobular compartments, which differ in microscopic appearance.[8] Functionally, the subcutaneous fat insulates the body, absorbs trauma, and serves as a reserve energy source.[14]

Conditions of the human integumentary system constitute a broad spectrum of diseases, also known as dermatoses, as well as many nonpathologic states (like, in certain circumstances, melanonychia and racquet nails).[15][16] While only a small number of skin diseases account for most visits to the physician, thousands of skin conditions have been described.

Manufacturer: Square Pharmaceuticals
IndicationsThe confirmed indication for Clotrimazole include:All dermatomycoses due to dermatophytes (e.g. Trichophyton species).All dermatomycoses due to yeasts (Candida species).Dermatomycoses due to moulds and other fungi.Skin diseases showing superinfections with these fungi.To the dermatom..
৳ 35.11/=
Ex Tax:৳ 35.11/=
Manufacturer: Square Pharmaceuticals
IndicationsAmikacin is indicated in the short-term treatment of serious infections due to susceptible strains of Gram-negative bacteria. Amikacin is effective in bacterial septicemia (including neonatal sepsis); in serious infections of the respiratory tract, bones and joints, central nervous s..
৳ 16.05/=
Ex Tax:৳ 16.05/=
Manufacturer: Square Pharmaceuticals
IndicationsAmikacin is indicated in the short-term treatment of serious infections due to susceptible strains of Gram-negative bacteria. Amikacin is effective in bacterial septicemia (including neonatal sepsis); in serious infections of the respiratory tract, bones and joints, central nervous s..
৳ 48.14/=
Ex Tax:৳ 48.14/=
Manufacturer: Square Pharmaceuticals
IndicationsMupirocin ointment or cream is indicated for the topical treatment of impetigo due to Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. It is also indicated in folliculitis and furunculosis.* চিকিৎসকের পরামর্শ অনুযায়ী ঔষধ সেবন করুনTherapeutic ClassTopical Antibiotic preparationsPharmacol..
৳ 140.42/=
Ex Tax:৳ 140.42/=
Manufacturer: Square Pharmaceuticals
IndicationsBetamethasone oral dosage form is indicated for allergic and inflammatory disorders, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, Skin disorders.Betamethasone cream or ointment is indicated for the treatment of eczema in children and adults, including atopic and discoid eczemas, prurigo nodularis, pso..
৳ 45.00/=
Ex Tax:৳ 45.00/=
Manufacturer: Square Pharmaceuticals
IndicationsBetamethasone oral dosage form is indicated for allergic and inflammatory disorders, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, Skin disorders.Betamethasone cream or ointment is indicated for the treatment of eczema in children and adults, including atopic and discoid eczemas, prurigo nodularis, pso..
৳ 48.00/=
Ex Tax:৳ 48.00/=
Manufacturer: Square Pharmaceuticals
IndicationsThis cream is indicated for the topical treatment of inflammatory dermal infections like tinea pedis, tinea cruris, tinea corporis etc.* চিকিৎসকের পরামর্শ অনুযায়ী ঔষধ সেবন করুনTherapeutic ClassBetamethasone & Combined preparationsPharmacologyClotrimazole is a broad-spectrum anti..
৳ 45.00/=
Ex Tax:৳ 45.00/=
Manufacturer: Square Pharmaceuticals
IndicationsThis topical preparation is indicated in eczema, prurigo nodularis, psoriasis, neurodermatoses, seborrhoeic dermatitis, contact sensitivity reactions, systemic steroid therapy in generalized erythroderma, secondarily infected insect bites & anal & genital intertrigo; specially whe..
৳ 35.00/=
Ex Tax:৳ 35.00/=
Manufacturer: ACI Pharmaceuticals
IndicationsFluconazole is indicated inSuperficial candidal infections such as oral or vaginal thrushEsophagitis caused by Candida or other susceptible speciesMaintenance therapy of cryptococcal meningitisDisseminated candidiasisProphylaxis for fungal infection in neutropenic cancer patientsAcute tre..
৳ 78.53/=
Ex Tax:৳ 78.53/=
Manufacturer: Ibn Sina Pharmaceuticals
IndicationsFor the treatment of viral infections due to herpes simplex virus (type I & II) and varicella zoster virus (herpes zoster & chickenpox). For the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections of the skin and mucous membranes including initial and recurrent genital herpes. For the pr..
৳ 139.40/=
Ex Tax:৳ 139.40/=
Manufacturer: Ibn Sina Pharmaceuticals
IndicationsFor the treatment of viral infections due to herpes simplex virus (type I & II) and varicella zoster virus (herpes zoster & chickenpox). For the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections of the skin and mucous membranes including initial and recurrent genital herpes. For the pr..
৳ 400.00/=
Ex Tax:৳ 400.00/=
Manufacturer: Ibn Sina Pharmaceuticals
IndicationsFor the treatment of viral infections due to herpes simplex virus (type I & II) and varicella zoster virus (herpes zoster & chickenpox). For the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections of the skin and mucous membranes including initial and recurrent genital herpes. For the pr..
৳ 100.00/=
Ex Tax:৳ 100.00/=
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